Thinking, Fast and Slow · Daniel Kahneman

Hindsight bias examples

Curated by · reviewed 2026-06-01

Hindsight bias is the 'I knew it all along' feeling — once you learn an outcome, it seems obvious it was always coming. Examples:

What is hindsight bias? Read the full idea →

5 examples of hindsight bias

  1. 'Obvious' market crashes

    After a crash, everyone says the warning signs were clear. Before it, almost no one acted on them.

  2. Monday-morning quarterbacking

    Once the game is lost, the coach's call looks like a glaring blunder — though it was reasonable at kickoff.

  3. Relationships that 'were doomed'

    After a breakup the red flags feel obvious in retrospect, even though they weren't clear at the time.

  4. Election results

    'Of course they won' feels true the morning after — even to people who confidently predicted the opposite.

  5. Misremembering your own forecast

    You recall having 'expected' a result you actually weren't sure about. Memory quietly rewrites itself to fit what happened.

How to spot it in yourself

You'll forget most of this by next week.

That's just how memory works. Lock hindsight bias in with a 5-minute active-recall session — spaced repetition, no signup.

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